Understanding your soil type is the key to this, and the choosing of the most compatible plants. Simple soil testing kits can assess acidity and alkalinity;  other simple tests can determine soil texture and water content.   It is an easy step to correct any chemical imbalances and improving structure and drainage if necessary.

All soils benefit from regular enrichment to maintain their fertility and moisture content.  Bulky organic matter such as well rotted manure,  garden compost, leaf mould and spent mushroom compost add both vital humus and food.  These are environmentally far preferable to the heavy use of chemical fertilizers, which add nothing to soil structure and can build up to harmful levels in the soil.  Slow acting organic fertilizers such as bone meal are beneficial in moderation.  Peat has no value as a fertilizer and is in very short supply.  It should be used sparingly.

Organic matter used as a surface cover, or mulch,  provides extra benefits:  mulched soil requires less weeding and less watering in dry weather conditions.  Mulch is also a natural insulator,  keeping roots cool in summer and warm in winter.